On April 16, 2024, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) finalized a rule modifying the Confidentiality of Substance Use Disorder (SUD) Patient Records (the Final Rule) codified at 42 C.F.R. Part 2 (Part 2). Part 2 regulations protect the confidentiality of individuals with SUDs and applies to “[r]ecords of identity, diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment of any patient which are maintained in connection with the performance of any program or activity relating to substance use abuse education prevention, training, treatment, rehabilitation, or research” which is conducted, regulated, or directly or indirectly assisted by any department or agency of the United States. The rule increases coordination among providers while strengthening confidentiality and patient protections, and it seeks to become better aligned with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), and the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH).